化学性质
| 熔点 | 180 °C (lit.) |
| 沸点 | 1342 °C (lit.) |
| 密度 | 0.534 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| 蒸气压 | 1 hPa (723 °C) |
| 储存条件 | water-free area |
| 溶解度 | 与H2O反应 |
| 形态 | 金属丝状 |
| 颜色 | 银色 |
| 比重 | 0.534 |
| 气味 (Odor) | 无味 |
| 酸碱指示剂变色ph值范围 | >12 |
| PH值 | 5.0 (20°C in H2O) |
| Flame Color | Pink-red or magenta |
| 电阻率 (resistivity) | 9.446 μΩ-cm, 20°C |
| 水溶解性 | REACTS |
| 电导率 | 1.1× 107S/m |
| 热导率 | 85 W/(m·K) |
| 比热容 | Cp(crystal): 3.59 J/(g·K); Cp(gas): 3 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| 敏感性 | air sensitive, moisture sensitive |
| Merck | 13,5542 |
| 暴露限值 | ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppm
OSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3)
NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3) |
| 稳定性 | 稳定，但与水反应剧烈。 |
| InChI | 1S/Li |
| InChIKey | WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [Li] |
| LogP | -0.77 at 25℃ |
| Hardness, Vickers | <= 5.0 |
| CAS 数据库 | 7439-93-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST化学物质信息 | Lithium(7439-93-2) |
| EPA化学物质信息 | Lithium (7439-93-2) |
安全信息
| 危险品标志 | Xi,C,F |
| 危险类别码 | 36/38-34-14/15-23 |
| 安全说明 | 8-43-45-43C-36/37/39-26 |
| 危险品运输编号 | UN 1415 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS号 | OJ5540000 |
| F | 10 |
| 自燃温度 | 179oC |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| 海关编码 | 2805 19 90 |
| 危险等级 | 4.3 |
| 包装类别 | I |
| 存储类别 | 13 - 不可燃性固体 |
| 毒害物质数据 | 7439-93-2(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 毒性 | An element used clinically
as one of its salts. It is effective against both mania and
depression. Despite its effectiveness, there are no clear
mechanisms that have been directly related to its therapeutic
effectiveness although its inhibition of the formation of inositol
from inositol phosphate is thought to be important. At therapeutic
concentrations, lithium causes almost no discernible
psychotropic effects in healthy humans. The major complaints
when the serum concentrations of the drug are carefully monitored
include slight muscular weakness, thirst, and excessive
urination. The major difficulty with lithium is that a fairly high
concentration of the ion is needed in the blood
(0.5_x0002_1.0 mmol/L) for maintenance, higher for acute mania.
Toxic symptoms (which can involve many physiological
symptoms) may occur, however, at doses of 1.5 mmol/L or
higher. This low therapeutic index is indicative of the need for
regular monitoring of lithium concentrations in the serum. |
用途与合成方法毒性参见金属锂。毒性锂能刺激皮肤和黏膜。生产人员应穿工作服、戴防护口罩、乳胶手套等劳保用品，以保护呼吸器官和皮肤，生产设备要密闭，车间通风应良好。化学性质银白色的软金属。用途主要用于生产各种锂电池、轻质锂铝合金，用作冶金的脱气剂用途供制电池、有色合金及年代测定等用。用途在化工、医药、有色合金、合成橡胶工业中用作催化剂。是生产高纯锂的原料。用途有机合成、医药中间体等领域。用途用于生产锂电池或者制药工业用途用作还原剂与氢化剂、合金硬化剂、铜和铜合金中脱氧剂，也用于有机合成用途主要用于生产各种锂电池、轻质锂铝合金、合成橡胶、制药工业等生产方法电解法以无水氯化锂为原料，加入电解槽中加热熔融进行电解，制得金属锂成品。其
2LiCl[电解]→2Li+Cl2↑生产方法真空蒸馏法以金属锂为原料，在低温下长时间蒸馏，在冷却管上析出含挥发性杂质较多的锂。在此以后，将装置冷却并充满精制的氩气，与磨口盖子一起将冷却管换上新的。然后，抽成真空≤0.1-kPa，用比以前更高的温度进行正式蒸馏。最后将装置充分冷却之后，充满氩气，打开磨口盖，用刮刀等把从冷却管上提纯的金属锂刮下来，将这种蒸馏操作反复进行，制得高纯锂成品。
产品供货状态为声90 mm×160 mm的圆柱锭，每个锭重约500 g。需方如有其他要求时，由供需双方另行议订。类别遇水燃烧物品毒性分级中毒急性毒性腹注- 小鼠 LD50: 1000 毫克/ 公斤爆炸物危险特性遇水、湿空气放出氢气可爆可燃性危险特性遇水、湿空气放出氢气可燃储运特性库房通风低温干燥; 没于烃中保存;与氧化剂、卤素、强酸分开存放灭火剂干粉、干砂、干石粉 |
